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        </div><article class="page single"><h1 class="single-title animated flipInX">04-名词解释和回答问题</h1><div class="post-meta">
            <div class="post-meta-line"><span class="post-author"><a href="https://adbean.gitee.io/" title="Author" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreffer author" class="author"><i class="fas fa-user-circle fa-fw"></i>Adbean</a></span>&nbsp;<span class="post-category">收录于 <a href="../../categories/%E4%BD%9C%E4%B8%9A/"><i class="far fa-folder fa-fw"></i>作业</a></span></div>
            <div class="post-meta-line"><i class="far fa-calendar-alt fa-fw"></i>&nbsp;<time datetime="2020-09-23">2020-09-23</time>&nbsp;<i class="fas fa-pencil-alt fa-fw"></i>&nbsp;约 1322 字&nbsp;
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  <ul>
    <li><a href="#explanation-of-terms-名词解释">Explanation of Terms 名词解释</a>
      <ul>
        <li><a href="#ascii-美国信息交换标准代码">ASCII 美国信息交换标准代码</a></li>
        <li><a href="#color-颜色">Color 颜色</a></li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    <li><a href="#回答下列问题">回答下列问题</a>
      <ul>
        <li><a href="#1-写出字符-a-中-的-ascii-码unicode-码utf-8-编码">1. 写出字符 &lsquo;A&rsquo;, “中” 的 ASCII 码、Unicode 码、utf-8 编码</a></li>
        <li><a href="#2-黄色yellow的-rgb-编码是---">2. 黄色(yellow)的 RGB 编码是( , , )</a></li>
        <li><a href="#3-从网上下载一个-bmp-格式图像用图片编辑工具另存在-jpgpngtiff-格式问三种格式中哪种格式显示质量好相对于-bmp-格式压缩率各是多少">3. 从网上下载一个 BMP 格式图像，用图片编辑工具另存在 jpg、png、tiff 格式。问三种格式中，哪种格式显示质量好，相对于 BMP 格式，压缩率各是多少</a></li>
        <li><a href="#4-winrar-压缩文件是-lossless-or-lossy-方法">4. Winrar 压缩文件是 lossless, or lossy 方法</a></li>
      </ul>
    </li>
  </ul>
</nav></div>
            </div><div class="content" id="content"><h2 id="explanation-of-terms-名词解释">Explanation of Terms 名词解释</h2>
<h3 id="ascii-美国信息交换标准代码">ASCII 美国信息交换标准代码</h3>
<p><img
        class="lazyload"
        src="../../svg/loading.min.svg"
        data-src="../../ASCII.png"
        data-srcset="../../ASCII.png, ../../ASCII.png 1.5x, ../../ASCII.png 2x"
        data-sizes="auto"
        alt="/ASCII.png"
        title="ASCII" /></p>
<p><strong>ASCII</strong>, abbreviated from <strong>American Standard Code for Information Interchange</strong>, is a character encoding standard for electronic communication. ASCII codes represent text in computers, telecommunications equipment, and other devices. Most modern character-encoding schemes are based on ASCII, although they support many additional characters.</p>
<p><strong>ASCII</strong>，是<strong>美国信息交换标准代码</strong>的缩写，是电子通信的字符编码标准。 ASCII 码表示计算机，电信设备和其他设备中的文本。大多数现代字符编码方案都基于 ASCII，尽管它们支持许多其他字符。</p>
<h3 id="color-颜色">Color 颜色</h3>
<p><img
        class="lazyload"
        src="../../svg/loading.min.svg"
        data-src="https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&amp;quality=80&amp;size=b9999_10000&amp;sec=1600872745713&amp;di=68a242fec0a2826b947f7e93a0093fa8&amp;imgtype=0&amp;src=http%3A%2F%2Fi.pximg.net%2Fimgaz%2Fupload%2F20181211%2F743080666.jpg"
        data-srcset="https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&amp;quality=80&amp;size=b9999_10000&amp;sec=1600872745713&amp;di=68a242fec0a2826b947f7e93a0093fa8&amp;imgtype=0&amp;src=http%3A%2F%2Fi.pximg.net%2Fimgaz%2Fupload%2F20181211%2F743080666.jpg, https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&amp;quality=80&amp;size=b9999_10000&amp;sec=1600872745713&amp;di=68a242fec0a2826b947f7e93a0093fa8&amp;imgtype=0&amp;src=http%3A%2F%2Fi.pximg.net%2Fimgaz%2Fupload%2F20181211%2F743080666.jpg 1.5x, https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&amp;quality=80&amp;size=b9999_10000&amp;sec=1600872745713&amp;di=68a242fec0a2826b947f7e93a0093fa8&amp;imgtype=0&amp;src=http%3A%2F%2Fi.pximg.net%2Fimgaz%2Fupload%2F20181211%2F743080666.jpg 2x"
        data-sizes="auto"
        alt="https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&amp;quality=80&amp;size=b9999_10000&amp;sec=1600872745713&amp;di=68a242fec0a2826b947f7e93a0093fa8&amp;imgtype=0&amp;src=http%3A%2F%2Fi.pximg.net%2Fimgaz%2Fupload%2F20181211%2F743080666.jpg"
        title="RGBandCMYK" /></p>
<p><strong>Color</strong> is the characteristic of visual perception described through color categories, with names such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, or purple. This perception of color derives from the stimulation of photoreceptor cells (in particular cone cells in the human eye and other vertebrate eyes) by electromagnetic radiation (in the visible spectrum in the case of humans).</p>
<p><strong>颜色</strong>是通过颜色类别描述的视觉感知特征，其名称包括红色，橙色，黄色，绿色，蓝色或紫色。 对颜色的这种感知源自通过电磁辐射（对于人类而言在可见光谱中）对感光细胞（特别是在人眼和其他脊椎动物眼中的视锥细胞）的刺激。</p>
<h2 id="回答下列问题">回答下列问题</h2>
<h3 id="1-写出字符-a-中-的-ascii-码unicode-码utf-8-编码">1. 写出字符 &lsquo;A&rsquo;, “中” 的 ASCII 码、Unicode 码、utf-8 编码</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Character</th>
<th>ASCII</th>
<th>Unicode</th>
<th>UTF-8</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>A</td>
<td>$ (01000001)_2 = (65) _{10} $</td>
<td>00000000 01000001</td>
<td>01000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>中</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>01001110 00101101</td>
<td>11100100 10111000 10101101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="2-黄色yellow的-rgb-编码是---">2. 黄色(yellow)的 RGB 编码是( , , )</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Color</th>
<th>RGB</th>
<th>Hex</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Yellow</td>
<td>(255,255,0)</td>
<td>#FFFF00</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="3-从网上下载一个-bmp-格式图像用图片编辑工具另存在-jpgpngtiff-格式问三种格式中哪种格式显示质量好相对于-bmp-格式压缩率各是多少">3. 从网上下载一个 BMP 格式图像，用图片编辑工具另存在 jpg、png、tiff 格式。问三种格式中，哪种格式显示质量好，相对于 BMP 格式，压缩率各是多少</h3>
<h4 id="bmp-bitmap">bmp (Bitmap)</h4>
<p><strong>bmp(Bitmap-File)</strong> 是 Windows 操作系统中的标准图像文件格式，这种格式的特点是包含的图像信息较丰富，<strong>几乎不进行压缩</strong>，但由此导致了它与生俱生来的缺点是<strong>占用磁盘空间过大</strong>。</p>
<h4 id="tiftiff-tag-image-file-format">tif/tiff (Tag Image File Format)</h4>
<p><strong>TIFF</strong> 是 Tag Image File Format 的简写，它是标签图像文件格式，TIFF 图像文件是图形图像处理中常用的格式之一，其图像格式很复杂，但由于它对图像信息的存放灵活多变，可以支持很多色彩系统，而且独立于操作系统，因此得到了广泛应用（拓展性支持 Mac 跟 Windows 系统交叉使用）</p>
<h4 id="png-portable-network-graphics">png (Portable Network Graphics)</h4>
<p><strong>PNG</strong>(便捷式网络图形 Portable Network Graphics )，是一种无损压缩的位图片形格式，其设计目的是试图替代 GIF 和 TIFF 文件格式，同时增加一些 GIF 文件格式所不具备的特性。<strong>PNG 压缩比高，生成文件体积小</strong>，PNG 结合了 GIF 和 TIFF 优点，能够支持压缩不失真、透明背景、渐变图像的制作要求，现在广泛应用于 PS 软件以及互联网之中。</p>
<h4 id="jpgjpeg-joint-photographic-experts-group">jpg/jpeg (Joint Photographic Experts Group)</h4>
<p><strong>JPEG</strong> 格式由联合图像专家组开发，JPEG 是常见的一种图像格式。它的特点是压缩比高，生成文件体积小。JPEG 文件的扩展名为.jpg 或.jpeg，JPEG 格式是目前网络上最流行的图像格式，是可以把文件压缩到<strong>最小的格式</strong>，JPG 图片格式的设计目标，是在不影响人类可分辨的图片质量的前提下，尽可能的压缩文件大小。这意味着 JPG 去掉了一部分图片的原始信息，也即是进行了<strong>有损压缩</strong>。</p>
<p>所以其中显示<strong>质量最好的格式是 BMP 格式</strong>，相对于 BMP 格式，<strong>jpg 的压缩率最高</strong>，<strong>png 压缩率第二</strong>，<strong>tif 格式的压缩率比 png 低一些</strong>。</p>
<p>引用<a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/luoyinjie/p/13691808.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreffer"><strong>网络上的数据</strong></a>可得，以 BMP 编码率 100%为标准，jpg 的编码率为 5.77%，png 的编码率为 32.01%， tif 的编码率为 38.89%</p>
<h3 id="4-winrar-压缩文件是-lossless-or-lossy-方法">4. Winrar 压缩文件是 lossless, or lossy 方法</h3>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>无损数据压缩</strong> (Lossless Compression) ，是指资料经过压缩后，信息不被破坏，还能完全恢复到压缩前的原样。相比之下，有损数据压缩只允许一个近似原始资料进行重建，以换取更好的压缩率。</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>有损数据压缩</strong> (Lossy compression) 是一种数据压缩方法，经过此方法压缩、解压的数据会与原始数据不同但是非常接近。它是与无损数据压缩相对的压缩方法。有损数据压缩又称破坏性资料压缩、有损压缩、有损压缩、不可逆压缩。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>WinRAR</strong> is a proprietary archive file format that supports <strong>lossless</strong> data compression. It was developed by a Russian software engineer.</p>
<p><strong>WinRAR</strong> 压缩文件使用了<strong>无损压缩</strong>方法</p>
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